Bangkok, August 28, 2024 — In a recent meeting held from August 24-28, 2024, in Bangkok, an ad hoc intersessional open-ended expert group convened under the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to develop an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, including in the marine environment. The discussions brought together experts from various fields to address key issues related to plastic product design, chemicals of concern, and management criteria throughout their lifecycle including Prof. Dr. Ir. Mochamad Chalid, S.Si., M.Sc.Eng as one of the delegates from Indonesia.

The expert group evaluated various criteria-based and non-criteria-based approaches to effectively manage plastic products and chemicals of concern. These approaches ranged from globally binding criteria to nationally determined measures that could be tailored to specific contexts, thereby promoting flexibility while maintaining effectiveness. The group emphasized a stepwise, hazard- and risk-based approach, incorporating scientific and indigenous knowledge, enhancing transparency, and aligning with existing global regulations.

Product design was identified as a critical area for mitigating plastic pollution. The group advocated for incorporating principles of circularity into the lifecycle of plastic products, focusing on recyclability and reusability. Specific design criteria—such as resource efficiency, modularity, and chemical simplification—were recommended to reduce plastic waste, enhance recycling rates, and prevent environmental contamination. A blend of voluntary and mandatory guidelines and standards was proposed to accommodate the diverse capabilities and circumstances of different nations.

The management of chemicals of concern was another key focus. The group proposed globally harmonized risk-based assessments, complemented by specific guidelines to ensure the safe use of chemicals in plastic products. The need for a dynamic approach that adapts to evolving scientific understanding and technological advancements was highlighted, ensuring effective and sustainable management.

The expert group stressed the importance of robust monitoring, evaluation, and compliance mechanisms to support the implementation of the proposed measures. Adequate means of implementation, including funding, capacity building, and technology transfer, were recognized as essential. Special emphasis was placed on providing support to developing countries to ensure equitable access to resources and alignment with global standards.

Recognizing the socio-economic implications of these measures, the group highlighted the need for inclusive consultations to understand the potential impacts on various communities, including frontline workers, waste pickers, and developing countries engaged in the petrochemical industry. The group emphasized that regulatory measures should be designed to avoid adverse effects on vulnerable groups and ensure a fair transition to sustainable practices.